HABCO: A Robust Agent on Hybrid Ant-Bee Colony Optimization

The purpose of this research is to generate a robust agent by combining bee colony optimization (BCO) and ELU-Ants for solving traveling salesman problem (TSP), called HABCO. The robust agents, called ant-bees, firstly are grouped into three types scout, follower, recruiter at each stages. Then, the bad agents are high probably discarded, while the good agents are high probably duplicated in earlier steps. This first two steps mimic BCO algorithm. However, constructing tours such as choosing nodes, and updating pheromone are built by ELU-Ants method.To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, HABCO is performed on several benchmark datasets and compared to ACS and BCO. The experimental results show that HABCO achieves the better solution, either with or without 2opt

Design and Development of the Reactive BGP peering in Software-Defined Routing Exchanges

The Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is considered to be an improved solution for applying flexible control and operation recently in the network. Its characteristics include centralized management, global view, as well as fast adjustment and adaptation. Many experimental and research networks have already migrated to the SDN-enabled architecture. As the global network continues to grow in a fast pace, how to use SDN to improve the networking fields becomes a popular topic in research. One of the interesting topics is to enable routing exchanges among the SDN-enabled network and production networks. However, considering that many production networks are still operated on legacy architecture, the enabled SDN routing functionalities have to support hybrid mode in operation. In this paper, we propose a routing exchange mechanism by enabling reactive BGP peering actions among the SDN and legacy network components. The results of experiments show that our SDN controller is able to mask as an Autonomous System (AS) to exchange routing information with other BGP routers

Design and Implementation of Monitoring Schemes for Software-Defined Routing over a Federated Multi-domain SDN Testbed

Emerging Software-Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm has been widely affecting most networking fields. However, the real-world SDN application for inter-domain routing management is still limited since the routing exchange among wide-area networks is quite complicate due to the extreme scale of global Internet connectivity. Several SDN-leveraged routing ideas are being proposed to improve the routing exchange among wide-area networks. Thus, in this paper, an on-going experience for experimenting and validating the inter-domain routing proposals over OF@TEIN federated testbed in Asia is shared. By focusing on the design and implementation of monitoring deployment for visibility support, we try to identify practical key points and provide improved monitoring for validating the performance and anomaly of the exchange. Other design considerations are also discussed together with possible future research directions

A Flow-based Method to Measure Traffic Statistics in Software Defined Network

Since software defined network became a revolution of network, many new developments and deployments are put forward. Device operating in software defined network environment will need a controller to store control policy. As a result of flow is one of traffic presentation units in software defined network, hence, this paper proposed a prototype of flow-based method to measure traffic statistics which can be used in OpenFlow network. By analysis of flow table, active flows which managed by controller can be listed, and information of each flow can be presented with developed module on the controller. After gathered port statistics from OpenFlow switch and entries in flow table, information of each flow can be presented on a developed graphic interface. By using this method, Traffic statistics of each flow may be more adaptive and realizable for measurement for observation

Planning and Implantation of NetFPGA Platform on Network Emulation Testbed

The concepts of cloud computing and Internet applications have expanded gradually and have become more and more important. Researchers need a new, high-speed network to build experimental environments for testing new network protocolswithout affecting existing traffic. In this paper, we describe a way to integrate NetFPGA platform, OpenFlow concept and NetFPGA reference designs into anetwork testbed to improve the packet processing speed and the dynamic adjustability for network emulation experiments. Furthermore, combined with Tunneling and VPLS, the proposed network testbed can be connected to distributed network, thus providing researchers a traffic-controllable and NIC-programmable experimental networking testbed in intra-communicating part

Toward Inter-Connection on OpenFlow Research Networks

With the advance of Future Internet technologies, many research issues andideas are growing fast in recent years. In the field of network virtualization, softwaredefined network becomes a common topic on network research. In Taiwan, manyinstitutes and laboratories of universities already built their bench-scale testbed forresearch and educational use with OpenFlow protocol. As time goes by, stitchingexperimental networks is a growing trend to fulfill requirements for large scaleemulation. Hence, this paper revealed a progressing deployment which connectsdifferent experimental networks with centralized control policy. The objective is tobuild an integrated research network with a proposed solution which utilizesOpenFlow protocol to deal with the inter-connections. With a centralized controllerand implemented architecture, the deployment not only solves the limitation of VLANtag number in network but also improves the flexibility of configuration. This designcould be a solution for the realistic constraints of network environment in Taiwan, andit also supports the possibility of stitching regional experimental networks fornetworking research

Repairing the Inconsistent Fuzzy Preference Matrix Using Multiobjective PSO

This paper presents a method using multiobjective particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach to improve the consistency matrix in analytic hierarchy process (AHP), called PSOMOF. The purpose of this method is to optimize two objectives which conflict each other, while improving the consistency matrix. They are minimizing consistent ratio (CR) and deviation matrix. This study focuses on fuzzy preference matrix as one model comparison matrix in AHP. Some inconsistent matrices are repaired successfully to be consistent by this method. This proposed method offers some alternative consistent matrices as solutions

Enhancing National Chi Nan University Campus’s Ecological Friendliness by Creating a Butterfly Habitat Using Reclaimed Water

The campus of National Chi Nan University (NCNU), Taiwan is about 150 hectares, and surrounded by dense valleys and forests that provides a habitat for many wild animals. In order to further enhance the ecological friendliness of the campus, the school implemented courses to create habitats for butterflies around the Sun Pond in the campus. The reclaimed water, originated from Water Treatment Factory, in the Sun Pond is used to irrigate the vegetation in the habitat to enhance the ecological conservation value. From 2019 to 2020, a number of 17 species with 670 individuals and food plants for butterflies was planted, and special instruction signs focusing on butterfly ecology were set up, so that staff and students can better understand the actions and goals in ecological conservation of green university. From 2020 to mid-2021, a total of 6 courses with 750 students (13% of the total number of students) visited the wonderful habit. The number of 22 species of butterflies was recorded in the habitat and this number was an average of 132 per 30 minutes, which shows that the construction of the habitats is successful. The creation of the butterfly habitat is in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 and SDG 15. The habitat has become a distinguished place for environmental education in the university. In the future, more community residents and tourists can experience this fantastic place and realize the efforts and achievements in ecological conservation succeeded by NCNU.Keyword: Butterfly Habitat, Reclaimed Water, Green University, Environmental Education, Community Resident

Effect of bis(hydroxymethyl) alkanoate curcuminoid derivative MTH-3 on cell cycle arrest, apoptotic and autophagic pathway in triple-negative breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells: An in vitro study

Curcumin has been shown to exert potential antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo involved in multiple signaling pathways. However, the application of curcumin is still limited because of its poor hydrophilicity and low bio-availability. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of a novel and water soluble bis(hydroxymethyl) alkanoate curcuminoid derivative, MTH-3, on human breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells. This study investigated the effect of MTH-3 on cell viability, cell cycle and induction of autophagy and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. After 24-h treatment with MTH-3, a concentration-dependent decrease in MDA-MB-231 cell viability was observed, and the IC50 value was 5.37±1.22 μM. MTH-3 significantly triggered G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. Within a 24-h treatment, MTH-3 decreased the CDK1 activity by decreasing CDK1 and cyclin B1 protein levels. MTH-3-induced apoptosis was further confirmed by morphological assessment and Annexin V/PI staining assay. Induction of apoptosis caused by MTH-3 was accompanied by an apparent increase of DR3, DR5 and FADD and, as well as a marked decrease of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL protein expression. MTH-3 also decreased the protein levels of Ero1, PDI, PERK and calnexin, as well as increased the expression of IRE1α, CHOP and Bip that consequently led to ER stress and MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis. In addition, MTH-3-treated cells were involved in the autophagic process and cleavage of LC3B was observed. MTH-3 enhanced the protein levels of LC3B, Atg5, Atg7, Atg12, p62 and Beclin-1 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Finally, DNA microarray was carried out to investigate the level changes of gene expression modulated by MTH-3 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that MTH-3 might be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer in the near future